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Using Supercapacitors in AC Microgrids to Improve Frequency Stability and Extend Battery Life Cycle
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Mohammadhossein Rouhinezhad1   , Seyyed Yousef Mousazadeh Mousavi *1 , Mohammad Rezanejad1 |
| 1- University of Mazandaran |
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Abstract: (9 Views) |
In modern power systems, the utilization of renewable energy sources has increased significantly. Due to the stochastic nature of these sources and to maintain stability in islanded microgrids, the use of energy storage systems has become essential. Batteries are the most commonly used storage devices across various scales, but they face two major challenges: slow dynamic response and limited lifetime. To address these issues and improve frequency regulation in microgrids while extending battery life, this paper proposes a hybrid energy storage system comprising a battery and a supercapacitor. Unlike batteries, supercapacitors have very fast dynamics and can quickly respond to frequency deviations. Moreover, they can inject substantial power into the grid when subjected to pulse loads, preventing system instability. The performance of the proposed hybrid energy storage system is evaluated on an islanded microgrid and compared with a system using only batteries. Simulation results indicate that the presence of the supercapacitor improves both peak and RMS frequency deviations by approximately 90%.
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| Keywords: Islanded Microgrid, Frequency Control, Frequency Stability, Renewable Energy Sources, Hybrid Energy Storage System, Supercapacitor, PID Controller |
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Type of Study: Research |
Received: 2025/01/12 | Accepted: 2025/09/22 | Published: 2025/10/8
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Rouhinezhad M, Mousazadeh Mousavi S Y, Rezanejad M. Using Supercapacitors in AC Microgrids to Improve Frequency Stability and Extend Battery Life Cycle. ieijqp 2025; 14 (3) URL: http://ieijqp.ir/article-1-1023-en.html
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