Bi-Level Optimization of Microgrids Considering Electric Vehicles under the Worst Conditions of Renewable Resource Output

Ghanaei, Niki; Samiei Moghaddam, Mahmoud; Alibeaki, Esmaeil; Salehi, Nasrin; Davarzani, Reza

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Volume 12, Issue 3 (10-2023)

ieijqp 2023, 12(3): 74-84

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Bi-Level Optimization of Microgrids Considering Electric Vehicles under the Worst Conditions of Renewable Resource Output

Niki Ghanaei¹

, Mahmoud Samiei Moghaddam²

, Esmaeil Alibeaki ^*

³, Nasrin Salehi⁴

, Reza Davarzani¹

1- Department of Electrical Engineering, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran
2- Department of Electrical Engineering, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
3- Department of Electrical Engineering, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran
4- Department of Basic Sciences, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran

Abstract: (992 Views)

In this paper, a two-level optimization model of mixed quadratic integer programming (MIQP) is presented in order to optimally operate microgrids under worst-case output conditions of renewable energy sources. This two-level model is divided into two high-level and low-level problems. In the high-level problem, the goal is to reduce energy loss and load shedding in the demand response program, optimal charging and discharging of electric vehicles and energy storage systems. In the low-level problem, the objective is to maximize the power outage of renewable energy sources. In this model, a new method for solving the optimization problem is proposed, which is based on the reformulation of the problem to Karush-Cohen-Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions. For the analysis, a 33 bus microgrid is considered. The simulation results show that the proposed model maintains the flexibility of the network in the worst output conditions of renewable energy sources and no load interruption occurs in the network.

Keywords: microgrid, renewable energy sources, electric vehicles, demand response program, multi-level optimization.

Full-Text [PDF 1418 kb] (439 Downloads)

Type of Study: Research |
Received: 2023/03/8 | Accepted: 2023/06/17 | Published: 2023/10/2

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Ghanaei N, Samiei Moghaddam M, Alibeaki E, Salehi N, Davarzani R. Bi-Level Optimization of Microgrids Considering Electric Vehicles under the Worst Conditions of Renewable Resource Output. ieijqp 2023; 12 (3) :74-84
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