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:: Volume 12, Issue 2 (8-2023) ::
ieijqp 2023, 12(2): 12-25 Back to browse issues page
Optimal Operation of Micro-Grid Including Electrical and Thermal Energies Considering Uncertainties of Generation and Consumption
Mehdi Sarlak , Abouzar Samimi , Mehdi Nikzad *1 , Amir Hossein Salemi
Abstract:   (1436 Views)

In this paper, the optimal operation of micro-grid in the presence of thermal block, distributed generation, storages and demand response to achieve the optimal scheduling of active, reactive and thermal power of these elements in the day-ahead energy and reactive power markets is presented. The thermal block includes combined heat and power system, boiler, and thermal demand response. This scheme minimizes the difference between total operation cost of micro-grid and sources, and total revenue obtained from the mentioned markets. It subjects to AC power flow equations, network operation limits, and operation model of these elements. Moreover, the scheme includes uncertainties of energy price, load and renewable power, where unscented transformation method models these uncertainty parameters. Finally, by implement of the proposed scheme on the 119-bus radial micro-grid, the obtained simulation results confirm the capability of the scheme in the improving of economic and operation situation of micro-grid.
 
Article number: 2
Keywords: Micro-grid operation, Thermal block, Unscented transformation method, Energy market, Reactive power market
Full-Text [PDF 903 kb]   (350 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Applicable | Subject: General
Received: 2022/07/17 | Accepted: 2023/08/9 | Published: 2023/08/1
References
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18. Norouzi, M., Aghaei, J., Niknam, T., Pirouzi, S., & Lehtonen, M. Bi-level fuzzy stochastic-robust model for flexibility valorizing of renewable networked microgrids. Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, 31, 100684, 2022. [DOI:10.1016/j.segan.2022.100684]
19. Norouzi, M., Aghaei, J., Pirouzi, S., Niknam, T., & Fotuhi-Firuzabad, M. Flexibility pricing of integrated unit of electric spring and EVs parking in microgrids. Energy, 239, 122080, 2022. [DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2021.122080]
20. Norouzi, M., Aghaei, J., Pirouzi, S., Niknam, T., Fotuhi-Firuzabad, M., & Shafie-khah, M. Hybrid stochastic/robust flexible and reliable scheduling of secure networked microgrids with electric springs and electric vehicles. Applied Energy, 300, 117395, 2021. [DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117395]
21. Patnam, B. S. K., & Pindoriya, N. M. Centralized stochastic energy management framework of an aggregator in active distribution network. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 15(3), 1350-1360, 2018. [DOI:10.1109/TII.2018.2854744]
22. Pirouzi, S., Aghaei, J., Niknam, T., Khooban, M. H., Dragicevic, T., Farahmand, H., Blaabjerg, F. Power conditioning of distribution networks via single-phase electric vehicles equipped. IEEE Systems Journal, 13(3), 3433-3442, 2019. [DOI:10.1109/JSYST.2019.2896408]
23. Roustaee, M., & Kazemi, A. Multi-objective energy management strategy of unbalanced multi-microgrids considering technical and economic situations. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 47, 101448, 2021a. [DOI:10.1016/j.seta.2021.101448]
24. Roustaee, M., & Kazemi, A. Multi-objective stochastic operation of multi-microgrids constrained to system reliability and clean energy based on energy management system. Electric Power Systems Research, 194, 106970, 2021b. [DOI:10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106970]
25. Sarwagya, K., Nayak, P. K., & Ranjan, S. Optimal coordination of directional overcurrent relays in complex distribution networks using sine cosine algorithm. Electric Power Systems Research, 187, 106435, 2020. [DOI:10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106435]
26. Xie, D., Lu, Y., Sun, J., Gu, C., & Li, G. Optimal operation of a combined heat and power system considering real-time energy prices. IEEE Access, 4, 3005-3015, 2016. [DOI:10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2580918]
27. Yu, Y., Cai, Z., & Huang, Y. Energy storage arbitrage in grid-connected micro-grids under real-time market price uncertainty: A double-q learning approach. IEEE Access, 8, 54456-54464 , 2020. [DOI:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2981543]
28. AkbaiZadeh, M., Niknam, T., & Kavousi-Fard, A. Adaptive robust optimization for the energy management of the grid-connected energy hubs based on hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm. Energy, 235, 121171, 2021. [DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2021.121171]
29. Askarzadeh, A. A novel metaheuristic method for solving constrained engineering optimization problems: crow search algorithm. Computers & structures, 169, 1-12, 2016. [DOI:10.1016/j.compstruc.2016.03.001]
30. Asl, S. A. F., Bagherzadeh, L., Pirouzi, S., Norouzi, M., & Lehtonen, M. A new two-layer model for energy management in the smart distribution network containing flexi-renewable virtual power plant. Electric Power Systems Research, 194, 107085, 2021. [DOI:10.1016/j.epsr.2021.107085]
31. Bozorgavari, S. A., Aghaei, J., Pirouzi, S., Vahidinasab, V., Farahmand, H., & Korpås, M. Two-stage hybrid stochastic/robust optimal coordination of distributed battery storage planning and flexible energy management in smart distribution network. Journal of Energy Storage, 26, 100970, 2019. [DOI:10.1016/j.est.2019.100970]
32. Chen, H., Yu, Y., & Jiang, X. Optimal scheduling of combined heat and power units with heat storage for the improvement of wind power integration. Paper presented at the 2016 IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC), 2016. [DOI:10.1109/APPEEC.2016.7779742]
33. Chowdhury, S., Chowdhury, S. P., & Crossley, P. Microgrids and active distribution networks, 2022.
34. Dini, A., Pirouzi, S., Norouzi, M., & Lehtonen, M. Grid-connected energy hubs in the coordinated multi-energy management based on day-ahead market framework. Energy, 188, 116055, 2019. [DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2019.116055]
35. Dini, A., Pirouzi, S., Norouzi, M., & Lehtonen, M. Hybrid stochastic/robust scheduling of the grid-connected microgrid based on the linear coordinated power management strategy. Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, 24, 100400, 2020. [DOI:10.1016/j.segan.2020.100400]
36. Faraji, E., Abbasi, A. R., Nejatian, S., Zadehbagheri, M., & Parvin, H. Planning and Operation of the Active and Reactive sources Constrained to Voltage Security in the Reconfigurable Smart Distribution Network. Energy Engineering & Management, 12(1), 0-0, 2022.
37. Ghasemi, S., & Moshtagh, J. Radial distribution systems reconfiguration considering power losses cost and damage cost due to power supply interruption of consumers. International Journal on Electrical Engineering & Informatics, 5(3), 2013. [DOI:10.15676/ijeei.2013.5.3.5]
38. Homayoun, R., Bahmani‐Firouzi, B., & Niknam, T. Multi‐objective operation of distributed generations and thermal blocks in microgrids based on energy management system. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 15(9), 1451-1462, 2021. [DOI:10.1049/gtd2.12112]
39. Hooshmand, E., & Rabiee, A. Robust model for optimal allocation of renewable energy sources, energy storage systems and demand response in distribution systems via information gap decision theory. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 13(4), 511-520, 2019. [DOI:10.1049/iet-gtd.2018.5671]
40. Jithendranath, J., & Das, D. Scenario-based multi-objective optimisation with loadability in islanded microgrids considering load and renewable generation uncertainties. IET Renewable Power Generation, 13(5), 785-800, 2019. [DOI:10.1049/iet-rpg.2018.5795]
41. Kallrath, J. Algebraic Modeling Systems: Modeling and Solving Real World Optimization Problems, Springer Science & Business Media, 2012. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-23592-4]
42. Kiani, H., Hesami, K., Azarhooshang, A., Pirouzi, S., & Safaee, S. Adaptive robust operation of the active distribution network including renewable and flexible sources. Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, 26, 100476, 22021. [DOI:10.1016/j.segan.2021.100476]
43. Najy, W. K., Zeineldin, H. H., & Woon, W. L. Optimal protection coordination for microgrids with grid-connected and islanded capability. IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics, 60(4), 1668-1677, 2012. [DOI:10.1109/TIE.2012.2192893]
44. Nikolova, S., Causevski, A., & Al-Salaymeh, A. Optimal operation of conventional power plants in power system with integrated renewable energy sources. Energy Conversion and Management, 65, 697-703, 2013. [DOI:10.1016/j.enconman.2011.11.035]
45. Norouzi, M., Aghaei, J., Niknam, T., Pirouzi, S., & Lehtonen, M. Bi-level fuzzy stochastic-robust model for flexibility valorizing of renewable networked microgrids. Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, 31, 100684, 2022. [DOI:10.1016/j.segan.2022.100684]
46. Norouzi, M., Aghaei, J., Pirouzi, S., Niknam, T., & Fotuhi-Firuzabad, M. Flexibility pricing of integrated unit of electric spring and EVs parking in microgrids. Energy, 239, 122080, 2022. [DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2021.122080]
47. Norouzi, M., Aghaei, J., Pirouzi, S., Niknam, T., Fotuhi-Firuzabad, M., & Shafie-khah, M. Hybrid stochastic/robust flexible and reliable scheduling of secure networked microgrids with electric springs and electric vehicles. Applied Energy, 300, 117395, 2021. [DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117395]
48. Patnam, B. S. K., & Pindoriya, N. M. Centralized stochastic energy management framework of an aggregator in active distribution network. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 15(3), 1350-1360, 2018. [DOI:10.1109/TII.2018.2854744]
49. Pirouzi, S., Aghaei, J., Niknam, T., Khooban, M. H., Dragicevic, T., Farahmand, H., Blaabjerg, F. Power conditioning of distribution networks via single-phase electric vehicles equipped. IEEE Systems Journal, 13(3), 3433-3442, 2019. [DOI:10.1109/JSYST.2019.2896408]
50. Roustaee, M., & Kazemi, A. Multi-objective energy management strategy of unbalanced multi-microgrids considering technical and economic situations. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 47, 101448, 2021a. [DOI:10.1016/j.seta.2021.101448]
51. Roustaee, M., & Kazemi, A. Multi-objective stochastic operation of multi-microgrids constrained to system reliability and clean energy based on energy management system. Electric Power Systems Research, 194, 106970, 2021b. [DOI:10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106970]
52. Sarwagya, K., Nayak, P. K., & Ranjan, S. Optimal coordination of directional overcurrent relays in complex distribution networks using sine cosine algorithm. Electric Power Systems Research, 187, 106435, 2020. [DOI:10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106435]
53. Xie, D., Lu, Y., Sun, J., Gu, C., & Li, G. Optimal operation of a combined heat and power system considering real-time energy prices. IEEE Access, 4, 3005-3015, 2016. [DOI:10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2580918]
54. Yu, Y., Cai, Z., & Huang, Y. Energy storage arbitrage in grid-connected micro-grids under real-time market price uncertainty: A double-q learning approach. IEEE Access, 8, 54456-54464 , 2020. [DOI:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2981543]

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Sarlak M, Samimi A, Nikzad M, Salemi A H. Optimal Operation of Micro-Grid Including Electrical and Thermal Energies Considering Uncertainties of Generation and Consumption. ieijqp 2023; 12 (2) : 2
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Volume 12, Issue 2 (8-2023) Back to browse issues page
نشریه علمی- پژوهشی کیفیت و بهره وری صنعت برق ایران Iranian Electric Industry Journal of Quality and Productivity
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